KMID : 0123420150200030165
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Korean Journal of Community Nutrition 2015 Volume.20 No. 3 p.165 ~ p.177
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The Development of a Nutrition Education Program for Low-income Family Children by applying the Social Cognitive Theory and Health Belief Model
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Lee Saes-Byoul
Jeong Yu-Ri Ahn Hyo-Jin An Min-Ji Ryu Su-A Kang Nam-E Oh Se-Young
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Abstract
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Objectives: Based on individual and environmental characteristics of low-income children, we developed a nutrition education program for school-aged children from low-income families according to effective use in social welfare centers.
Methods: We conducted in-depth group interviews to assess program needs in 28 participants, 10 low-income school-aged children and 9 of their care givers, 9 social workers and 9 care-givers. Theoretical backgrounds of our program were heath belief model and social cognitive theory considering motivation, action and environment characteristics.
Results: Based on the findings of this qualitative study, we developed major program themes and contents. Five selected key themes were ¡¯balanced diet¡¯, ¡¯processed food¡¯, ¡¯food hygiene and safety¡¯, ¡¯Korean healthy traditional diet¡¯, and ¡¯family cooking¡¯ to induce changes in dietary behaviors. Main findings of in-depth group interviews included ¡¯child¡¯s active participation¡¯, ¡¯simple and easy to understand messages¡¯, and ¡¯environmental constraints¡¯ such as a lack of child care at home, limited budget of social welfare centers, and less qualified educators for nutrition and health. Each lesson was constructed as a 1-hour program particularly emphasizing activity-based programs, including cooking and teamwork exercises. Program contents in each session consisted of activities that could induce outcome and value expectations, self-efficacy, perceived benefits, and barriers and cues to actions regarding diet behavior.
Conclusions: We developed a nutrition education programthat is rarely available for low-income children in Korea, considering theoretical bases. Further studies are needed to validate our program.
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KEYWORD
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low income family children, qualitative research, social cognition theory, health belief model, nutrition education program
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